Prison Reform in Russia and Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoevsky

The epic Crime and Punishment happens in the late spring of 1865; when radical lawful and social changes moved through Russia. The changes of 1860’s and 1870’s were known as the Great Reforms since they influenced each part of Russian life. With â€Å"an 1861 announcement freeing the serfs and [a] stupendous change of the court framework in 1864,† the Russian culture was all the while progressing from an Estate-of-the-domain style toward an all the more just framework concentrated on balance (Burnham 1227). The transformed punitive framework isn't simply under the cutting edge feeling of equity, yet it gave a far more noteworthy degree of fairness than the past model, ruled by blue-bloods and government authorities. Lingering behind a couple of years, Russia was following the pattern of the other European nations by renovating the reformatory and criminal equity framework (Timasheff 16-18). As indicated by The Politics of Punishment: Prison Reform in Russia, Robbins Jr. attests, â€Å"the Great Reforms of the 1860s set moving a procedure that drastically modified the Russian reformatory system† (1282). France and England previously had transformed and settled courts; along these lines, the Russians wanted to tail them (Historically, from the times of the Enlightenment, Russia needed to be viewed as a prosperous nation like the incomparable European countries, however its overbearing government and social approaches kept it from doing as such. Russia, the little stepbrother of the European states, looked from a separation at the quality of the prospering states toward the west. Russia’s Czars, Peter and Catherine the extraordinary, endeavored to demonstrate the nation like a western state while holding a one of a kind Russian personality, and the nineteenth century delineates this change). Loaded up with a feeling of p... ...count (Dostoevsky 350-355). Dostoevsky is critical of the criminal equity framework in light of the fact that in addition to the fact that it cheats society, yet additionally it swindles its own principles. This omnipotent administrative force is suggestive the past out of line frameworks. Discussing the withering pony in Raskolnikov’s dream, the individuals demand â€Å"she’s damn well going to gallop,† yet Dostoevsky urges them not to continue on pointlessly (57). A total teardown and reconstructed appears the main genuine answer for fixing the complicated equity and correctional arrangement of Russia. Dostoevsky utilizes Crime and Punishment to break down and investigate the changing lawful and equity arrangement of 1860’s Russia. He contends that the genuine motivation behind the criminal equity framework is to restore and reestablish an individual; society needs the organization since not every person is as mindful and eventually great hearted as Raskolnikov.

dynamics of founder effect :: essays papers

elements of originator impact Populaces are partitioned by geographic limits, keeping a particular district/gathering of individuals to share and appropriate its hereditary attributes inside themselves without outward impact. The size of these populaces is dependant upon whether certain mountains, streams, deserts, seas, or other extraordinary geological, social, or mechanical conditions decide the inclination for confinement or relocation. Most present day populaces were initially settled by a moderately little bunch of individuals that for reasons unknown relocated to another uninhabited region, and afterward increased. The hereditary code of those establishing people to a great extent decides the hereditary code of people in the future, making that zone unmistakable having it’s people in the future hereditary code demonstrated after the first authors. Breaking down the authors of populaces requires composed or physical proof to recognize any conceivable originator of a populace. So to investigate current establishing fathers is moderately simpler in contrast with more seasoned establishing fathers as a result of an absence of physical proof for more seasoned populaces. For an as of late established populace, for example, the French pilgrims that moved to the Chicoutimi locale of Quebec, Canada in the 1940’s there is an assortment of composed information about it’s occupants over that time. That data can distinguish the points of interest individual/people that may have established that populace. Different populaces that we have an enormous assortment of information with respect to its originators incorporate white Australians, African-Americans, just as certain Caribbean populaces. Conversely, attempting to decide the establishing fathers whom settled North America from Asia around fifteen thousand years back is cons iderably more troublesome in light of the fact that there is so minimal recorded proof and information on that timespan. This makes it hard to decide the organizers of the huge populaces we know today. Tropical Africa was involved by for the most part Bushmen and Pygmies until around 2,000 years back, when the Bantu talking individuals of the Congo locale created farming, iron, and tamed animals. Following those advances the modest number of Bantu duplicated until they overran a large portion of the African mainland, pushing the Pygmies and Bushmen into regions unacceptable for farmland. The Bantu people groups along these lines established the whole genetic stock of subequatorial Africa again a minor 2,000 years prior. Europe’s establishing fathers came to a great extent inside two movements: one being ranchers structure the Near East around 8,000 years back settling to a great extent along the Mediterranean; the second being from Southern Russia around 6,000 years prior pop ulating northern and western Europe. The hereditary characteristics of the originators of a populace can be sure, negative, or impartial.

99 Ways to Spread the Word About a Book You Love

99 Ways to Spread the Word About a Book You Love You’ve bought a book, and you’ve fallen in love. Or, your best friend’s first novel is coming out. How do you make sure as many people hear about these books you love or these authors you care about? I have a feeling, completely unquantifiable and unprovable but borne out by my own experience, that the more times someone hears about or sees a book, the more likely they are at least to check it out and see if it’s something they would enjoy. So all of the things below matter! They may seem like tiny things, and many of them are, but cumulatively, they make a difference. Many of them take seconds and most of them cost nothing. But if you want to put in serious money, time, creativity and commitment, there are options for those, too. Note: it’s probably best to spread these out over days, weeks, or even months, and across different social media, so that people don’t get thoroughly sick of the very mention of the book in question. That said, the first few days of a book being out are crucial, so by all means go all out (within non-spammy reason) during that first week. Buy the book. Buy it early. Buy it often. That first week of sales matters immensely. 1. Pre-order the book. 2. When the online store prompts you to, share that pre-order on social media. 3. Buy the book for other people. Read (or at least start reading) the book. This is necessary for many of the other steps, and also so you can make eye contact with your friend. (That said, your friend would probably prefer you buy the book and not read it, rather than not buying it at all.) 4. Read the book in public places. 5. Read other books inside this book so that it always looks as if you’re reading the book even when you’re not. 6. Get your book club to read the book. 7. Invite the author to your book club discussion, then blog or tweet about the experience. Talk about the book. 8. Talk about it to everyone you know. 9. Talk about it in public places, perhaps slightly more loudly than is strictly necessary. (But not in the quiet car on the train. This will not evoke warm fluffy feeling towards the book.) 10. Mention the book when you’re commenting on Book Riot’s Inbox/Outbox posts. (Keep it non spammy and genuine though!) Review the book. 11. Review it on Amazon. 12. Review it on other countries’ Amazon stores, especially, if it’s a book in English, on .co.uk and .ca. 13. If you speak another language, write a review in the relevant Amazon stores too. 14. Copy and paste your review into Goodreads. 15. Copy and paste your review into every other store you can find: Kobo, Barnes and Noble, WH Smith, Chapters, Fnac. 16. Copy and paste your review onto your blog. Facebook 17. Click on the little face and do an “am reading” status update â€" preferably one that shows the book’s cover. 18. Like the book. 19. Like the author’s page. 20. Invite your friends (selectively, in a non spammy way) to like the book and the author’s page. 21. Use the “add a short bio” that we’re now offered to say you’re reading the book. Libraries and Bookshops 22. Request the book at the library. 23. Ask a bookstore employee if they have the book, even if you know they do and you know where it is. You want the booksellers to keep hearing about this book so that they have it fresh in their mind when it comes to recommending things (hand-selling, in bookstore parlance). 24. Pick up the book, and very obviously read it. For bonus points, make appreciative sounds or faces as appropriate. 25. Slightly rearrange the book on the shelf so that its cover is facing outward (but the display is still tidy so a bookseller will not immediately spot it and change it back, and also so you are being respectful to the bookshop). 26. Take a picture of the book in its natural habitat and post it on Instagram/Facebook/Twitter/your social network of choice. 27. If you see someone else pick up the book, tell them about how great it is or why you like it or how lovely the author is. 28. Talk to the librarian or bookshop person about the book when you pay for it or check it out. 29. If you or someone you know works in a library or bookshop, talk to them about hosting an author event. 30. Call the Penguin Hotline and ask for books that are similar to this one. Instagram 31. Take a picture of the book in some arty way and post it with the hashtag #bookstagram. (Search that hashtag for inspiration of said arty things, if you’re not that way inclined.) 32. Also add whatever the preferred hashtag is for the title of the book. Then click on that hashtag and like all the relevant posts. 33. Take a picture of the book with coffee and post it on Instagram with the hashtag #booksandcoffee, as well as the title hashtag. Repeat with #booksandwine. 34. Post a picture of yourself reading the book, with the cover out. 35. If you see someone reading the book in public, take a surreptitious photo and post that too â€" although it’s probably best to ask permission if you’re going to use their face. 36. If you happen to be in New York City and see someone reading it who happens to be a hot dude, take a picture and email it to submissions@hotdudesreading.com for their Instagram feed. 37. Pile up all the books you have that have the same themes or the same setting or the same author or the same genre and take an arty picture. Post in on Instagram with a few good hashtags and link to the all the other social media. 38. Post a shelfie on Instagram and/or Pinterest, and link it to your other social media accounts. Leave the book in strategic places. Preferably with some kind of sticker or note indicating that it is there to be taken and read. If you want to join something official to help with this, bookcrossing.com is a good place to start. 39. Leave it on public transport. 40. Leave it in one of those airport bookstores where you can leave a book/take a book. 41. Leave it on a bench in the park, if it doesn’t rain much where you live. 42. Leave it in a Little Free Library. 43. Donate a copy to your local library. 44. Donate a copy to the local charity shop/Goodwill store. 45. Lend it to your friends. Goodreads Get an account if you don’t have one already, add friends, and populate it with other books, preferably ahead of time, so that you don’t look like a spamming marketing machine when the time comes. 46. Search for the book. Click on “want to read” under the cover picture. 47. Enter the Giveaway if there is one. (You already own the book, yes, but you can do many things with this spare copy if you do win it, and your entering the Giveaway will show up on people’s timelines, which is the point of many of these things.) 48. In the top right corner, click on “recommend it”. Send it selectively to the people you genuinely think will enjoy it, if possible using the “add message” function. 49. About half way down the book’s Goodreads page, under “lists with this book”, click on “more lists with this book”. Then click on each list; you’ll be taken to where the book appears in that list. Click on “vote for this book”. 50. On the top right corner of the “lists with this book” page, there is an option to search lists, and to create lists. Do a search for lists, anything that is related to the book, and add it if it’s not there already. For example, Books set in x town or books published in 2009. 51. Think about what other lists might work for this book: blue covers, books coming out in 2017, books set in Italy, etc. Be creative. Make the list; add the book; add some others, too. 52. Follow the author or add the author as a friend. 53. Ask the author questions on their Goodreads author page. 54. Under the Explore tab, go to Quotes, and add your favourites from the book or like them if they’re already there. 55. Like good reviews of the book. Email 56. Set your email signature via Goodreads to display the cover of your friends book at the bottom of each email. The List App (or your blog) Here’s a handy refresher if you’ve yet to get the app. It’s like a DIY Buzzfeed or a smarter Twitter â€" where you can make and share lists. Of, if you can’t get the app (it’s iPhone only for the moment), use these prompts for blog posts instead. 57. Make a list of reasons you love this book. 58. Make a list of your favourite quotes from the book. 59. Break the review into bullet points and post it as a list. 60. Post interview questions and (short) answers with the author. 61. Make a list of all the emotions you felt while reading the book, with pics or emoji or gifs. 62. Add the book to all the relevant lists where people are asking for recommendations or books on a specific subject. 63. Write about other things tangentially connected with the book and work in a mention of the book. 64. Click the “…” at the bottom right of the list, and use this function to tweet the lists, and share them in other ways, too. Your Blog See above, but also: 65. Host a giveaway. (The author or her publicist may be able to help you with this.) 66. Blog about the experience of having a friend with a published book. Get Creative 67. Write an essay about your relationship with the book for your blog, or submit the essay to literary journals or book magazines or places like BuzzFeed Books or LitHub or as your audition piece for becoming a Book Riot contributor. 68. Design book swag like t-shirts and cushions and sell them through your Society 6 store (check this is okay with the author first, though). 69. Make a playlist for the book and share it on The List App and/or Spotify. 70. Make a graphic quote (tips here) and post it on Pinterest. 71. Draw a picture of the author, Kate Gavino style, or salient feature of the book, and post it on Tumblr or Pinterest. 72. Design themed jewellery for your Etsy store 73. Write fan fiction and post links to it on social media 74. Write the title and name of the author in chalk on the pavement/sidewalk outside your home. 75. Host a party on the theme of the book. Podcasts 76. Talk about the book on your podcast, or if you’re interviewed on another podcast. 77. Interview the author on your podcast. 78. Write to the hosts your favourite relevant podcasts and suggest they interview the author/talk about the book. (For “relevance”, think broadly: if it’s a book about ballet, for example, contact the ballet podcasts as well as the book podcasts.) Note: be polite, to the point, and non spammy. Send one email (or tweet) and let it go. Quotle 79. Add a couple of your favourite sentences to this new social network that’s designed to share book quotes. Wear or carry or use book swag. I bet your friend will have some you can use, or would be happy to get you some, or even let you design it. Best to check though! 80. Get a t-shirt for the gym. 81. Dress up as the book for Halloween. 82. Get a temporary tattoo. 83. Get a permanent tattoo. 84. Get a book-themed manicure. 85. Get a quote or the title of the book as a custom designed necklace or bracelet from Etsy. 86. Get a mug made with a quote from the book or its cover and judiciously leave it around the office. 87. Get a phone case featuring the book in some way. 88. Set your friend’s book cover as the lock screen and/or background screen on your phone â€" it can serve as a conversation starter or as a visual aid for when you’re talking about the book. YouTube 89. Video yourself speaking enthusiastically about the book. 90. Make a book trailer if the book doesn’t have one already. Share the links to it on social media. Twitter 91. Play along with relevant hashtag games. 92. Tweet about the book with hashtags like #fridayreads, #amreading, #memoir, #beachreads, etc. 93. Tweet about the author on a Friday with the #ff (follow Friday) hashtag. 94. On a Monday, tweet a link to a blogpost that mentions the book, with the hashtag #MondayBlogs. (Play fair and also retweet a couple of other tweets with this hashtag.) 95. Search for the author’s name or the book title’s name and selectively, sporadically retweet positive mentions. Pinterest 96. Make a board of things associated with the book. 97. Search relevant pins, and like, comment, and repin them. All social media 98. Follow the author on Facebook, Twitter, the List App, and every other form of social media that has been invented by the time you’re reading this. 99. Like and repost the author’s posts, including links to their other writing. Do this generously. Your friend will love you forever. Trust me Id know.

The Negative Effects of Child Care on Child Development Essay

The Negative Effects of Child Care on Child Development Dxx Wxxxxxxxx Anthropology 101 Mr. Bxx Lxxxxx September 5, 2010 Is child care having a negative effect on the development of children in the United States? Studies show that there are indeed negative psychological and developmental effects on children. Scientists in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom are coming to the same conclusion. It is best for a child to be cared for at home. Over the past five to six decades women have been entering the workforce in ever increasing numbers. Some enter because of financial need and others for professional and career goals. Whatever the reason, the result for the children is the same; they are in daycare. Many†¦show more content†¦(ProQuest, New York Times, pg. 2). Children must be allowed to grow and mature at their own natural pace. The old saying ‘kids must be kids’ is based on this basic need. Dr. Sigel of the Educational Testing Service in Princeton, New Jersey says â€Å"Denying, or at least not recognizing, the child’s active outreaching curiosity has negative consequences.† (ProQuest, New York Times, pg. 2). When hothousing a child occurs parents run the risk of the children having what is known as achievement anxiety. This is when a child â€Å"come(s) to believe they are valued for what they memorize or produce or achieve†. (ProQuest, New York Times, pg. 2). It appears that there is more evidence that supports the belief that ‘mother knows best’. Meaning, children belong in the care of their mothers, at home, where they can be allowed to play, daydream, and explore their environments. As I welcome a new group of first graders every year, I often wonder what is in store for the new year. They always seem to have a very wide range of personalities, abilities, and maturities. 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On topRead MorePositive And Negative Impact On Child Development1320 Words   |  6 Pagesunder foster care. Today’s children living in foster are forced to comply and accept changes made by adults, that decide for their wellbeing. Becoming resilient to life circumstances, in an attempt to find someone that will care for them when abandoned or left to fight for themselves. This paper will discuss foster families as a cultural dilemma, the positive and negative impact on child development, and strategizing ways to help empower them by m eans of suggestions to family, child, and teacherRead MoreNegative and Positive Effects of Peer Relationships1564 Words   |  7 Pagesimportance to a healthy development, helping children through peer pressure, acceptance, and the anxiety of belonging. Yet how important is the environment that a child is raised on, this being shared or non-shared? How difficult or easy can peer pressure be? Will peer pressure help or deter a child from being functional. 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The One Thing to Do for Prohibition: Why Did America Change Its Mind Essay Samples

The One Thing to Do for Prohibition: Why Did America Change Its Mind Essay Samples Leadership is a method of motivating and influencing a group of people to accomplish common objectives. There are sure biases that include our evolutionary history though. So, you ought to do some studying to get enough factual evidence to strengthen your arguments. Cultural practices and societal norms changed. A massive proportion of students are not able to write superior research papers. A teacher's portfolio can contain an assortment of unique parts of evidence which work to demonstrate their ability for a teacher. To begin with, students find it difficult to write superior research papers due to the fact that they do not have sufficient time. For instance, the students are expected to use primary resources and secondary resources. Prohibition : Why Did America Change Its Mind Essay Samples - What Is It? Totally free Changed America essay samples can be found FreeEssayHelp with no paym ent or registration. Time to learn in order to be adult, learn to make money!! The overall market for historical bottles in the united states is, thus, immeasurable, but it's quite large. Totally free Chesapeake Bay essay samples can be found FreeEssayHelp with no payment or registration. Formatting is among the biggest problems nearly all students have to face when they're working on an academic writing task. Students should use many sources when writing research papers. Furthermore, the students don't know the right writing styles to use while writing their research papers. Thus, take a look at essay samples and get to understand what your academic paper should look like. If you've had some negative evaluations, you don't have to include them. If you're clueless as to the way to begin an essay or whether you need suggestions regarding topics, our sample essay education can be of some assistance to you. There are a lot of varieties of essays, it isn't difficult to drop an eye on all your writing assignments. Prohibition : Why Did America Change Its Mind Essay Samples Can Be Fun for Everyone Alcohol and drug usage contributes to family troubles, crimes, and negative effect on the mind. Unfortunately people believe that prohibition of drugs is the exact mistake that was made several years back. When it has to do with health, prevention and precaution are more affordable than the treatment afterwards. Hence a new version of illegal character of alcohol was created. Most people wouldn't have bothered. So long as you stick to the steps above, you'v e legally changed your name free of charge. Usually, one of the greatest ways for a man to comprehend and comprehend new information is to check through the examples of the already completed work. Folks use Lawyer's to change names for a variety of reasons, they could be receiving married or divorced, adopting a kid, Changing religion or even just since they don't like their present name. Where to Find Prohibition : Why Did America Change Its Mind Essay Samples There are additional myths which claim that President Joe Kennedy never drank alcohol, just as Franklin Roosevelt wasn't fantastic as a youthful senator. One of the principal explanations for why Prohibition was repealed was the financial state of the USA on account of the significant financial blow and the Great Depression. Americans get a small tangible victory and claim racism is over. To conclude, to be American isn't as straightforward as being born in america. Last, climate change is creating a gain in desertifi cation. It has the potential to drastically impact the future of the human race, and is intrinsically linked to the water supply across the world. It is one of the most important global issues facing the world today. It will play a major role in animal health. The gain in global temperature will ensure it is extremely hard for farmers to grow crops to feed their loved ones and serve as their main source of revenue. The people of third world countries are also vulnerable as they are unable to get any aid from their very own government or from different countries because it's much too expensive to deliver the medication they require. Among the most prevalent issues in our world today is the matter of deforestation. Rather than killing the cheater, the issue needs to be dealt with.

The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ Chapter 7 Free Essays

Pharisees and Sadducees Jesus continued his mission, speaking and preaching and offering parables to illustrate his teaching, and Christ wrote down much of what he said, letting the truth beyond time guide his stylus whenever he could. There were some sayings, though, that he could neither leave out nor alter, because they caused such a stir among the disciples and among the crowds that came to listen wherever Jesus went. Everyone knew what he had said, and many people talked about his words; it would be noticed if they were not in the record. We will write a custom essay sample on The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ Chapter 7 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many of these sayings concerned children and the family, and some of them cut Christ to the quick. Once, on the road to Capernaum, the disciples were arguing. Jesus had heard their raised voices, but was walking apart from them and didn’t hear what they were saying. When they went into the house where they were to stay he said: ‘What were you arguing about on the way?’ They fell silent, because they were embarrassed. Finally one of them said: ‘We were discussing which of us was the most important, master.’ ‘Were you, indeed. Come around here, all of you.’ They stood in front of him. Now in that house there was a little child, and Jesus picked him up and showed him to the disciples. ‘Whoever wants to be first,’ he said, ‘must be last of all and servant of all. Unless you change and become like little children, you will never enter the Kingdom of heaven. Whoever becomes as humble as this child will be the most important in heaven. And whoever welcomes a child like this in my name welcomes me.’ Another time, Jesus had stopped to sit down, and people brought their little children to him to be blessed. ‘Not now!’ the disciples said. ‘Go away! The master is resting.’ Jesus heard them, and was angry. ‘Don’t speak to these good people like that,’ he said. ‘Let them bring their children here. Who else do you think the Kingdom of God is for? It belongs to them.’ The disciples stood aside, and the people carried their children to Jesus, who blessed them, and took them in his arms, and kissed them. Speaking to his disciples as well as to the parents of the children, he said, ‘You should all be like little children when it comes to the Kingdom, otherwise you will never enter it. So be careful. Whoever makes it difficult for one of these little ones to come to me, it would be better for them if a millstone were hung about their neck and they were drowned in the depths of the sea.’ Christ noted down the words, admiring the vigour of the imagery while regretting the thinking behind it; because if it were true that only children could be admitted to the Kingdom, what was the value of such adult qualities as responsibility, forethought, and wisdom? Surely the Kingdom would need those as well. On another occasion, some Pharisees tried to test Jesus by asking about divorce. Jesus had spoken about that subject in his sermon on the mountain, but they had spotted what they thought was a contradiction in what he had said. ‘Is divorce lawful?’ they said. ‘Haven’t you read the scriptures?’ was Jesus’s reply. ‘Don’t you remember how the Lord God made Adam and Eve male and female, and declared that a man should leave his father and his mother and join his wife, and the two of them shall become one flesh? Had you forgotten that? So no one should separate what God has joined together.’ ‘Ah,’ they said, ‘then why did Moses make his specification about a certificate of divorce? He would not have done that if God had forbidden it.’ ‘God tolerates it now, but did he institute it in Eden? Was there any need for divorce then? No. Man and woman then were created to live perfectly together. It was only after the coming of sin that divorce became necessary. And when the Kingdom comes, as it will, and men and women live together perfectly once more, there will be no need for divorce.’ The Sadducees also tried to trick Jesus with a problem concerning marriage. Now the Sadducees didn’t believe in resurrection or an afterlife, and they thought they could get the better of Jesus by asking him a question about that. ‘If a man dies without having children,’ they said, ‘it’s the custom for his brother to marry the widow, and beget children for him. Is that not so?’ ‘That is the custom,’ said Jesus. ‘Well, now: suppose there are seven brothers. The first marries, and dies childless, so the widow marries the second brother. The same thing happens again: the husband dies childless, and she marries the next, all the way down to the seventh brother. Then the woman herself dies. So ?C when the dead are resurrected, whose wife will she be? Because she’s married all of them.’ ‘You’re wrong,’ said Jesus. ‘You don’t know the scriptures, and you don’t know the power of God. When the dead are resurrected they will neither marry nor be given in marriage. They’ll live like the angels. As for the resurrection of the dead, you forget what God said to Moses when he spoke from the burning bush. He said, â€Å"I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.† Would he have spoken in the present tense if they were not alive? He is not the God of the dead; he is the God of the living.’ The Sadducees had to retreat, confounded. Jesus and the Family But for all Jesus’s defence of marriage, and of children, he had little to say in favour of the family, or of comfortable prosperity. On one occasion he said to a crowd of people who wanted to follow him, ‘If you don’t hate your father and your mother, your brothers and sisters, your wife, your children, you’ll never become my disciple.’ And Christ remembered Jesus’s words when he’d been told that his mother and brothers and sisters had come to see him: he had rejected them, and claimed that he had no family except those who did the will of God. To hear his brother speak of hating one’s family worried Christ; he would not have chosen to write those words, but too many people had heard Jesus say them. Then one day in Christ’s hearing Jesus told a story that disturbed him more greatly still. ‘There was a man who had two sons, one quiet and good, the other wild and unruly. The wild one said to his father, â€Å"Father, you’re going to divide the property between us anyway; let me have my share now.† The father did, and the wild son went away to another country, and squandered all his money in drink and gambling and debauchery, until he had nothing left. ‘Then there came a famine in the country where he was living, and the wild son found himself in such desperate need that he hired himself out as a swineherd. He was so hungry that he would have been glad to be able to eat the husks that the pigs were eating. In his despair he thought of his home, and said to himself, â€Å"At home there are my father’s hired hands, and every one of them has all the bread he wants, and to spare; and here I am, dying of hunger. I’ll go home and confess to my father and beg his forgiveness, and ask him to take me on as a hired hand.† ‘So he set off towards home, and when his father heard he was coming he was filled with compassion, and he hurried out of the town to meet him, and embraced him and kissed him. The son said, â€Å"Father, I’ve sinned against heaven and I’ve sinned against you; I don’t deserve to be called your son. Just let me work for you like one of the hired hands.† ‘But the father said to the servants, â€Å"Bring out the best robe, and some sandals for my son’s feet, and hurry! And prepare a feast ?C the best of everything ?C because this dear son of mine was dead, and here he is alive again; he was lost, and now he’s found!† ‘But the other son, the quiet one, the good one, heard the sounds of celebration and saw what was going on, and said to his father: ‘†Father, why are you preparing a feast for him? I have been at home all the time, I have never disobeyed your commands, and yet you’ve never prepared a feast for me. My brother walked away without thinking of the rest of us, he squandered all his money, he has no thought for his family or anyone else.† ‘And the father said, â€Å"Son, you’re at home all the time. All that I have is yours. But when someone comes home after being away, it’s right and proper to prepare a feast in celebration. And your brother was dead, and he’s come to life again; he was lost, and he’s been found.†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ When Christ heard that story, he felt as if he had been stripped naked in front of the whole crowd. He had no idea that his brother had seen him there, but he must have done, in order to mortify him so exquisitely. All Christ could hope was that no one had noticed, and he resolved to keep even more discreetly to the background in future. Difficult Stories Not long afterwards, Jesus told another story that seemed to Christ unfair. Nor was he the only listener to react like that: many people could not understand it at all, and discussed it with one another afterwards. Someone had asked Jesus what the Kingdom of heaven would be like, and he said: ‘It’s like a farmer who went out early in the morning to hire labourers for his vineyard. He struck a deal with them for the usual daily wage, and they set to work. A couple of hours later he was passing through the market place and he saw some other workers standing idle, and he said, â€Å"You want a job? Go to my vineyard and I’ll pay you whatever’s fair.† Off they went, and he went on his way, and then came past again at noon, and then once more halfway through the afternoon, and each time saw some other men standing about, and said the same to them. ‘Finally, about five o’clock, he came through the market one more time, saw another group there, and said, â€Å"Why are you standing idle all day long?† ‘†No one has hired us,† they said. So he hired them on the same terms. ‘When it was evening, he said to his manager, â€Å"Call the men to come and get their pay, starting with the last, and then going back to the first.† ‘When the five o’clock workers came, he gave them each a full day’s wage, as he did to all the others. The workers who had been hired in the early morning grumbled about this, and said, â€Å"You’re giving these men, who’ve only worked for one hour, the same as us, who’ve been labouring all day in the scorching heat?† ‘The farmer said, â€Å"My friend, you agreed to accept a day’s wages for a day’s work, and that’s exactly what you’ve got. Take what you’ve earned, and go. Aren’t I entitled to do whatever I choose with what belongs to me? Because I choose to be good-natured, should that make you ill-natured?†Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ Another story that Jesus told was even harder for his listeners to understand, but Christ wrote it down for the stranger in the hope that he could explain it. ‘There was a rich farmer who had a manager to look after his business, and complaints began to come to him about the way this man was dealing with his affairs. So he called the manager to come and see him, and said, â€Å"I’ve been hearing things about you that I don’t like. I’m going to dismiss you, but first I want a full account of everything that’s owed to me.† ‘And the manager thought, â€Å"What in the world am I going to do now? I’m not strong enough for manual labour, and I’m ashamed to beg†¦ † So he came up with a plan to ensure that other people would look after him when he was out of work. ‘He called his employer’s debtors to him one by one. He asked the first one, â€Å"How much do you owe my employer?† and the man said, â€Å"A hundred jars of oil.† â€Å"Sit down quickly,† said the manager, â€Å"take your account, and write fifty instead.† ‘To the next one he said, â€Å"How much do you owe?† â€Å"A hundred bushels of wheat.† â€Å"Here’s your account. Cross out a hundred, and make it eighty.† ‘And he did the same with the rest of the debtors. Now, what did the master say when he heard about this? Whatever you think, you’re wrong. What he did was to commend the dishonest manager for his shrewdness.’ What Jesus seemed to be saying with these stories, Christ thought, was something horrible: that God’s love was arbitrary and undeserved, almost like a lottery. Jesus’s friendship with tax-collectors and prostitutes and other undesirable characters must also have been part of this radical attitude; he seemed to have a real scorn for what was commonly thought of as virtue. He once told a story about two men, a Pharisee and a tax-collector, who both went to the temple to pray. The Pharisee stood by himself looking up to heaven and said, ‘God, I thank you that I’m not like other men, a thief, an adulterer, a swindler, or like that tax-collector over there. I fast twice a week, and I give away a tenth of my income.’ But the tax-collector didn’t dare to look up; he kept his eyes down and beat his breast, saying, ‘God, I beg you, be merciful to me, a sinner.’ And this, and not the other, Jesus told his listeners, was the man who would en ter the Kingdom. It was a popular message, no doubt; the common people delighted to hear about men and women such as themselves winning undeserved success. But it troubled Christ, and he longed to ask the stranger about it. The Stranger Transfigured; A Coming Crisis He soon had his chance. As he walked one evening beside the Sea of Galilee, thinking he was alone, he found the stranger beside him. He was startled, and said, ‘Sir! I didn’t see you. Forgive me for not greeting you ?C had you been beside me for some time? My thoughts were elsewhere.’ ‘I am always close to you,’ said the stranger, and they fell into step and walked along together. ‘When we spoke last,’ said Christ, ‘you said that next time we would talk about my brother.’ ‘And so we shall. What is his future, do you think?’ ‘His future ?C I can’t tell, sir. He’s stirring up a good deal of animosity. I worry that if he’s not careful he might meet the same fate as John, the Baptist, or else provoke the Romans as the Zealots are doing.’ ‘But is he careful?’ ‘No. I’d say he was reckless. But to him, you see, the Kingdom of God is coming very soon, and it makes no sense to be cautious and prudent.’ ‘To him, you say? You mean you don’t think he’s right? This is just a guess of his, and he might be mistaken?’ ‘Not quite that,’ said Christ. ‘I think we have a difference of emphasis. I believe the Kingdom is coming, of course I do. But he thinks it will come without warning, because God is impulsive and arbitrary. That’s at the root of it.’ He told the stranger the parables that had troubled him. ‘I see,’ said the stranger. ‘And you? What do you think of God?’ ‘I think he is just. Virtue must play some part in whether we are rewarded or punished, or else why be virtuous? What the law and the prophets say ?C what Jesus himself says ?C doesn’t make sense otherwise. It’s just not consistent.’ ‘I can see how it must trouble you.’ They walked on a little way in silence. ‘And besides,’ said Christ, ‘there is the matter of the Gentiles.’ He left it there, to see how his companion would respond. If, as he thought, the man was Greek, he would naturally be interested. But the stranger merely said, ‘Go on.’ ‘Well,’ said Christ, ‘Jesus preaches only to the Jews. He’s said clearly that Gentiles are dogs, for example. It was on the scrolls I gave you last time.’ ‘I remember. But you don’t agree?’ Christ was aware that if this man had come to tempt him into rash words, this was exactly the way he would do it: lead him by soft questions. ‘Again, sir,’ he said carefully, ‘I think it’s a matter of emphasis. I know that the Jews are the beloved people of God ?C the scripture says that. And yet God surely created the Gentiles too, and there are good men and women among them. Whatever form the Kingdom may take, it will surely be a new dispensation, and it would not be surprising, given the infinite mercy and justice of God, to find his love extending to the Gentiles†¦ But these mysteries are deep, and I may be wrong. I wish, sir, you would tell me what the truth is. It lies beyond time, as you told me, but my knowledge is lacking, and my vision clouded.’ ‘Come with me,’ said the stranger. How to cite The Good Man Jesus and the Scoundrel Christ Chapter 7, Essay examples

Legalizing Marijuana Essays - Cannabis, Cannabis Smoking, Entheogens

Legalizing Marijuana What this can't be true, marijuana can't be good for you it causes asthma and bronchitis. Oh wait I almost forgot thats just another misconception of marijuana in truth it is actually good for people suffering from asthma and bronchitis. Yeah right, this wonder of a drug isn't only not bad for you, but it can actually promote good health. This drug can save lives, it can restore people's vision, in fact there isn't much this drug can't do. Marijuana can save the lives of people diagnosed with cancer, and prolong the lives of people with the HIV virus. It reduces nausea and increases the appetite. If this isn't enough to change your mind about marijuana how about all the people with glocoma? Smoking marijuana will clear up their vision and relieve the pressure in their eyes, AND IT CAN EVEN PREVENT THEM FROM BEING BLIND. Marijuana supposedly causes brain damage but that is only another misconception. This misconception has been tested and proven wrong. The only thing that actually makes marijuana bad for you is the tar in it, and it is not good for your lungs to breathe in anything that hot. Now these aren't terribly bad for you, but they can be overcome by using a bong or waterpipe and putting ice in it. Every year law enforcement spends countless man-hours trying to apprehend marijuana dealers and growers. This time would be better utilized in dealing with more serious crimes. A study carried out in California clearly demonstrates the effectiveness of marijuana as a treatment for cancer: Over 74 percent of the cancer patients treated in the program have reported that marijuana is more effective in relieving their nausea and vomiting than any other drug they have tried.(Zeese 1990). Moreover, several other things can be produced commercially using the marijuana plant. There is a possible revenue obtainable from hemp, which can be manufactured into clothing material, vegetable oil, paper product, and livestock feed (Caputo and Ostrom 485). However, crime enforcement energy is often spent dealing with cases that are not necessary. The police spend useless time trying to arrest marijuana growing and smokers. If marijuana is legalized, drug-fighting